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Mining in Iran is underdeveloped,〔http://presstv.com/Detail/2015/10/12/433081/Iran-China-Russia-Italy-France-mining-investment〕 yet the country is one of the most important mineral producers in the world, ranked among 15 major mineral-rich countries,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mining in Iran – CountryMine )〕 holding some 68 types of minerals, 37 billion tonnes of proven reserves and more than 57 billion tonnes of potential reserves worth $770 billion in 2014.〔()〕〔http://iran-daily.com/newspaper/page/4881/4/18108/0〕 Mineral production contributes only 0.6 per cent to the country’s GDP. Add other mining-related industries and this figure increases to just four per cent (2005). Many factors have contributed to this, namely lack of suitable infrastructure, legal barriers, exploration difficulties, and government control over all resources. The most important mines in Iran include coal, metallic minerals, sand and gravel, chemical minerals and salt. Khorasan has the most operating mines in Iran. Other large deposits which mostly remain underdeveloped are zinc (world's largest), copper (world's ninth largest reserves in 2011, according to the managing director of National Iranian Copper Industries Company), iron (world's 12th largest in 2013 according to the US Geological Survey),〔US Geological Survey, (Mineral commodity summary: iron ore ), 2013.〕 uranium (world's tenth largest) and lead (world's eleventh largest).〔http://www.tehrantimes.com/index.php/economy-and-business/92737-irans-copper-output-will-increase-35-fold〕〔http://www.irtp.com/howto/partner/partner/chap2/chap2iii.htm〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iran's Economy )〕〔http://www.earthstonegroup.com/blog/?p=709〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=advantageaustria.org – official business portal Austria (B2B, import, export, Austrian products, investment) )〕 Iran with roughly 1% of the world's population holds more than 7% of the world's total mineral reserves.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Iran's Islamic Revolution and Its Future – Harvard – Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs )〕 ==Economics== Close to 30 percent of the country’s investment has been made in the mining field in recent years. In 2008, forty five percent of the stock market's capitalization was in the mineral industries.〔(Iran daily: Iran Top Mineral Producer ) Retrieved 21 June 2009〕 In 2008 the share of the mining sector and mineral industries increased to over five percent in GDP.〔 The sector with the highest profit margin among the top 100 Iranian companies in 2009 was mining, with a margin of 58%, while those in the Fortune 500 had a gross profit margin of 11%.〔http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Mar11.pdf〕 In the first quarter of 2009–2010, Iran exported close to 5.6 million tons of mineral products worth over $1.2 billion.〔()〕 In 2009–2010 the mining sector had exports reaching $8.13 billion, accounting for about 32 percent of the country’s non-oil exports.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=No. 3720 | Domestic Economy | Page 4 )〕 Every year, the iron ore price is determined by the government after negotiations between iron ore and steel producers. In 2008, the average price of iron ore was set at $56 per tonne. The steel, cement and iron ore prices are currently being liberalized in Iran. In March 2012, the Iran Mercantile Exchange (IME) announced the complete liberalisation of the sale price of raw steel and by-products.〔http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-AprMay12.pdf〕 Iran’s mineral reserves are valued at more than $770 billion (2014).〔http://iran-daily.com/newspaper/page/4881/4/18108/0〕 In 2005, of 3,125 ''operating'' mines, 2,747 and 378 mines were run by private and public sectors respectively.〔(Supreme Audit Court – Official Website )〕 As of 2010, 5,574 mines are being exploited in 30 provinces of the country (which are ''active'', ''inactive'' or in the state of being equipped).〔 The rate of extraction from these mines stood at approximately 217.5 million tons in previous years. More than 100,000 people are presently engaged in the mines sector while as a whole some 500,000 people are employed in the mine sector.〔 The number of operating mining units stands at 20,375.〔〔 ''National Iranian mining company'' is the world's 23rd largest mining company with 0.6% of the world's total mining production.〔http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTOGMC/Resources/336099-1236292308783/humphreys_Emerging_players_%2897v%29.pdf〕 Exploration projects implemented by the ''National Geology and Mineral Exploration Organization'' in the three years period of 2005–2008 are six times higher than the figure for the same period during the previous government.〔()〕 Since 2005, mortality rate in mining mishaps has declined to one death for every 10 million tons of mining production from the previous figure of six million tons.〔()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mining in Iran」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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